Future targets

“Net zero by 2030”, “100% recyclable by 2028”: what makes a future environmental claim defensible?

Future ambition is not prohibited. What becomes much harder to defend is a public promise with no credible system connecting today’s position to the stated destination.

Updated 8 August 2026

Short answer

From 27 September 2026, a future environmental performance claim can be misleading if it is not backed by clear, objective, public and verifiable commitments set out in a detailed and realistic implementation plan, with measurable targets, timelines, resources and regular verification by an independent third-party expert.

Future targets are not banned as a category

The amended consumer-law rule is assessed case by case. Businesses can still communicate future targets and transition pathways, but the statement needs to reflect a real implementation framework rather than an unsupported aspiration.

The practical question is not “do we have a target?” but “is there enough evidence of delivery behind the target to put it in front of consumers?”

What the implementation plan should be able to show

  • Clear and publicly accessible commitments.
  • A defined baseline and measurable indicators.
  • Deadlines and interim milestones.
  • A detailed and realistic implementation plan.
  • Allocated resources and responsibilities.
  • Regular verification by an independent third-party expert.
  • Verification findings made available to consumers.

Do not confuse this with the separate Green Claims Directive proposal

Directive 2024/825 does require regular independent verification for certain future environmental performance claims. It does not create an across-the-board requirement for ex ante certification of every environmental claim.

The separate proposal COM(2023) 166, commonly called the Green Claims Directive, contemplated a broader verification regime. Its legislative process remains blocked as of this update.

Accurate message: some future environmental claims need a credible, independently reviewed implementation plan. Inaccurate message: every green claim must be certified from September.

Example: “100% recyclable by 2028”

A defensible target would normally be tied to a defined product scope, a baseline, identified technical changes, interim milestones, resources, measurement criteria and an independent review process.

A broad ambition copied from a sustainability report onto a product page does not automatically carry the evidence needed for a consumer-facing commercial claim.

Pre-publication checklist

  • Is the scope of the target explicit?
  • Is there a deadline and a baseline year?
  • Are the indicators and milestones measurable?
  • Have resources and responsibilities been assigned?
  • Is the implementation plan public and sufficiently detailed?
  • Is progress reviewed regularly by an independent expert?
  • Are the review findings accessible to consumers?

Primary sources

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